Egocentric bias is the tendency to rely too heavily on one's own perspective and/or have a higher opinion of oneself than reality. It is believed to stem from the psychological need to satisfy one's ego and to enhance memory consolidation. When individuals reflect on their experiences, ideas, and beliefs, they are more likely to recall information that aligns with their own views, leading to a skewed perception of their contributions and roles in various situations.
In a 1993 study in Japan, participants were asked to write about fair or unfair behaviors they observed in themselves and others. They primarily attributed positive behaviors to themselves (using 'I') and negative behaviors to others (using 'others'), demonstrating egocentric bias in their self-perception.
To overcome egocentric bias, individuals can practice perspective-taking and self-awareness. Checking their assumptions and actively considering others' viewpoints can help adjust their biased perceptions and evaluations.